| Freedom Summer by Steve Payne 
     Author 
    says: in a dystopian vision of America, Vietnam-era Generals are locked 
    in a similiarly unwinnable, but very different insurgency - in the 
    continental United States. Please note that the opinions expressed in this 
    post do not reflect the views of the author(s). 
     
  
 In 1964, on this day White 
    Citizens' Councils received copies of "Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and 
    Practice" as the US Government braced the country for a fresh wave of negro 
    insurgency code-named "Freedom Summer".
 
       
      The author of the publication was French lieutenant colonel David Galula 
      who as a research fellow at Harvard University's Center for International 
      Affairs had set down the lessons of his experience in the Algerian War. 
      His bold introduction "a Negro movement trying to exploit the Negro 
      problem as the basis for a [violent] insurgency in the United States .. 
      would be doomed from the start" had captured the attention of University 
      professors that had contacted the US military leadership who were 
      increasingly desperate for answers.
       "a Negro movement trying to exploit the Negro 
      problem as the basis for a [violent] insurgency in the United States .. 
      would be doomed from the start" ~ David GalulaUnsurprisingly the 
      man considered by the US military leadership to be the putative head of 
      the negro insurgency, Robert F. Williams strongly disagreed with Galula's 
      assessment that the armed struggle was doomed. Williams had been carrying 
      a pistol ever since he revitalized a chapter of the National Association 
      for the Advancement of Colored People in Marion, North Carolina.  And in "Negroes With Guns" he had published an influential manifesto 
      that rejected nonviolent tactics and argued for black self-defense. 
      Several groups adopted this policy. The best known of these, the Deacons 
      for Defense and Justice, consisted largely of veterans of World War II and 
      the Korean War who were now at war with their former colleagues in the 
      military.      
       
 
     
     Author 
    says this alternative history is based on an article on the
    
    History Net. 
    General David Petraeus adapted many of these ideas for his own doctrinal 
    manual for the twenty first century. 
     Other Related Stories 
 
 
     Steve Payne Editor of Today in 
    Alternate History, a Daily Updating Blog of Important Events In History 
    That Never Occurred Today. Follow us on
    
    Facebook and Twitter. Imagine what would be, if history had occurred a bit 
    differently. Who says it didn't, somewhere? These fictional news items 
    explore that possibility. Possibilities such as America becoming a Marxist 
    superpower, aliens influencing human history in the 18th century and Teddy 
    Roosevelt winning his 3rd term as president abound in this interesting 
    fictional blog. 
 
 
    
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